Remapping or Rewritting of source or destination IP Addresses
Internet Gateway does a static NAT, it rewrites Private IP Address ,with Public IP Address
IP Masquerading - Hide Private CIDR behind one public IP
This gives Private CIDR range outgoing internet access. Otherway around i.e. incoming access for multiple Private IP addresses using 1 public IP address does not work
In AWS we can use NAT Instances(EC2 instances with NAT capabilities) or NAT Gateway(Manageed Service)
Runs from a public subnet, uses Elastic IPs
Its an AZ resilient service. For fully region resilient service, one NAT GW needs to be deployed in each AZ
It scales to 45 GBps, are bllied for duration on per hour basis as well as for data transfer
An EC2 instance by default drops any traffic for which it is not a source or destination. Hence in order for an EC2 instance to operate as a NAT Instance, one needs to disable source and destination IP checks
NAT Gateways do not support Security Groups. NACLs are supported
NAT Gateways are not required and do not work with IPV6. Egress only Internet Gateway is used to give outbound only access for IPV6 addresses.